%PDF-1.7
%
3 0 obj
<>/EmbeddedFiles 951 0 R>>/Outlines 1058 0 R/OutputIntents 1059 0 R/Pages 1 0 R/Type/Catalog>>
endobj
949 0 obj
<>stream
application/pdf
Koen De Schepper, Bob Briscoe
This specification defines the protocol to be used for a new network
service called Low Latency, Low Loss, and Scalable throughput (L4S). L4S
uses an Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) scheme at the IP layer
that is similar to the original (or 'Classic') ECN approach, except as
specified within. L4S uses 'Scalable' congestion control, which induces
much more frequent control signals from the network, and it responds to
them with much more fine-grained adjustments so that very low
(typically sub-millisecond on average) and consistently low queuing
delay becomes possible for L4S traffic without compromising link
utilization. Thus, even capacity-seeking (TCP-like) traffic can have high
bandwidth and very low delay at the same time, even during periods of
high traffic load.
The L4S identifier defined in this document distinguishes L4S from
'Classic' (e.g., TCP-Reno-friendly) traffic. Then, network
bottlenecks can be incrementally modified to distinguish and isolate
existing traffic that still follows the Classic behaviour, to prevent it
from degrading the low queuing delay and low loss of L4S traffic. This
Experimental specification defines the rules that L4S transports
and network elements need to follow, with the intention that L4S flows
neither harm each other's performance nor that of Classic traffic. It
also suggests open questions to be investigated during experimentation.
Examples of new Active Queue Management (AQM) marking algorithms and
new transports (whether TCP-like or real time) are specified
separately.
RFC 9331: The Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) Protocol for Low Latency, Low Loss, and Scalable Throughput (L4S)
xml2rfc 3.15.3
2023-01-19T20:14:09-08:00
2023-01-19T20:14:06-08:00
2023-01-19T20:14:09-08:00
WeasyPrint 56.1
uuid:4de2e96d-b616-11b2-0a00-000000000000
uuid:4de6ad3e-b616-11b2-0a00-a40800000000
default
1
converted
uuid:4de2e96f-b616-11b2-0a00-e10700000000
converted to PDF/A-3u
pdfaPilot
2023-01-19T20:14:09-08:00
3
U
http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/
pdf
Adobe PDF Schema
internal
A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information
Trapped
Text
http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/
xmpMM
XMP Media Management Schema
internal
UUID based identifier for specific incarnation of a document
InstanceID
URI
internal
The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document.
OriginalDocumentID
URI
http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/
pdfaid
PDF/A ID Schema
internal
Part of PDF/A standard
part
Integer
internal
Amendment of PDF/A standard
amd
Text
internal
Conformance level of PDF/A standard
conformance
Text
endstream
endobj
1058 0 obj
<>
endobj
1059 0 obj
[1062 0 R]
endobj
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
6 0 obj
<>
endobj
11 0 obj
<>
endobj
47 0 obj
<>
endobj
108 0 obj
<>
endobj
144 0 obj
<>
endobj
155 0 obj
<>
endobj
166 0 obj
<>
endobj
193 0 obj
<>
endobj
211 0 obj
<>
endobj
232 0 obj
<>
endobj
243 0 obj
<>
endobj
263 0 obj
<>
endobj
278 0 obj
<>
endobj
293 0 obj
<>
endobj
316 0 obj
<>
endobj
328 0 obj
<>
endobj
343 0 obj
<>
endobj
365 0 obj
<>
endobj
377 0 obj
<>
endobj
397 0 obj
<>
endobj
406 0 obj
<>
endobj
417 0 obj
<>
endobj
425 0 obj
<>
endobj
435 0 obj
<>
endobj
456 0 obj
<>
endobj
467 0 obj
<>
endobj
476 0 obj
<>
endobj
494 0 obj
<>
endobj
516 0 obj
<>
endobj
537 0 obj
<>
endobj
556 0 obj
<>
endobj
577 0 obj
<>
endobj
597 0 obj
<>
endobj
616 0 obj
<>
endobj
639 0 obj
<>
endobj
659 0 obj
<>
endobj
680 0 obj
<>
endobj
698 0 obj
<>
endobj
707 0 obj
<>
endobj
716 0 obj
<>
endobj
725 0 obj
<>
endobj
739 0 obj
<>
endobj
755 0 obj
<>
endobj
758 0 obj
<>
endobj
776 0 obj
<>
endobj
791 0 obj
<>
endobj
798 0 obj
<>
endobj
804 0 obj
<>
endobj
814 0 obj
<>
endobj
826 0 obj
<>
endobj
842 0 obj
<>
endobj
855 0 obj
<>
endobj
1114 0 obj
<>stream
xVRA*nI USe@0sE#! d=p@ă}{' ٍȲd흝of:L2Am=H349KqpLJg Y1g4Bxƈ`,;/dy;?N6>I.$)Vq0Ik74BYv2<)v8ѷWAr4õY:xUOF,yLwڸE^r=ziQ AYddu'<
x]hІxKv{sER+R"wO]Reܳl=l<)TkZdayY_A
[wtR-cQWPAnC(lSh}:I!7 tL:ŝ.
:sBީCWђ'Ӧx
i1QZ)ͩ W]lJxpFf+Ё7,ZeiOO+TU[a}
ҸO `Z
v(u7nԾ.,$G̷pоطlxFx5֞[ԕ@dA&$X7
GOߧ~G /iä~!nѵX0@u\Yeۉ"ytٷٲ[3s:#qU(Շc68Q{5SKEZap2bM[1꧰0J/
endstream
endobj
1054 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>
endobj
931 0 obj
<>
endobj
935 0 obj
<>
endobj
1116 0 obj
<>stream
HtSMo0+H j!aӪ=dFg =y36_(u~ttz0oz^$i^lTUJԃIhJ]$QTx'n(:؍]2Lt`VVJ+9[LV .Ф,"QXf?ޜٜ1 x1zSNlhcƑ%q7-;-Br'\9.l-
![Wz$E)*8[DKB!#)לm
D|#zJ.;"frb;/Q*(TI\ETiQnP)qP-ɘ4Șhb14:}1c^`:JEnu`zy> `!
endstream
endobj
934 0 obj
<>/CIDToGIDMap/Identity/FontDescriptor 933 0 R/Subtype/CIDFontType2/Type/Font/W[3[260]5[408]8[896 742 220 346 346]14[559 250 310 250 288]19 28 559 29 30 286 31 33 559 34[474 921 705 654 614 727 623 590 714 793 367 357 700 623 938 763 742 604 742 656 544 613 717 675 1047 660 625 592 360]64[360 559 459]68[563 614 492 614 535 369 538 635 320 300 585 310 945 645 577 614 614 471 451 352 635 579 862 578 565 511]97[559 260]112[845]139[623]166[563]190[635]513[500]526[362]2170[1002 1001 663 662]3200[708]]>>
endobj
933 0 obj
<>
endobj
1117 0 obj
<>stream
HU{lS?^?'ع~;NW;Mx$!XJ@t];4eвnTPj#l
T4i*b`t
k*mg=;#r"ъW3`ch
A!TLV_- TT G7_Cwi#cSߋ5~}0O
lP|yM'7
N#c5^~OONlY#=l^,>#=b|#t܋}-D1r>0|X.O.Y#c }Ĺ 5-x7Jħ]yEDVaO-&3y'qܿeTdgc !sWe^7{,EV8kgBe;YUd^\_c ykS0/ؙFu8FiFiFi|YiFi)V#h$4qB_%*Eݨ͢mh:E{Reb+4CVX,C8nF?`A\2f3[pX˅:W
@Una#h!BB;lVX!
VmתHSt)jk[pAtoO)EK
8^Ӄψ;UgooLirlWn
B`n\é]4Õ:4m!\'ؠpHVZ5m*r ~L;'SgGJL<+o.h:t~mYhG3HTv@3)uZﰗi}VE-6&s?$,^L 3n(|3q|Hgݾ/SoLRWngvS[-`V*
9!B=uhz)G;
yGNZE 5'N89?vylAO\F3ne">L).16b(r
C(]2`|v
q!f]kn6.=Uj\V'8c2By}ixoXK+H" 4bۆ&8=d4u="9y
̄8my"YJ'b(49&0I>x}*Ixr"8g.4\
jn4婭ޱ5?RAqYvBUw7u˴gW(?ܱh/E&8IO}K)J*o0XISFcqKmlY˫-+頼[b֛܁EC-t)ްE
bhmy?+ѳۺլ̉v^,-).ʄPJ2awJִ7:ˠ4# RNsp!E 5:]X@6E
3BfQF njiogpr<;[v1AeߪxDU d|ǕHvG¡V]Xgiϭp#ywԔz-;EX>g]#~\Yy̓6}X;ܷ癕:P
SegZSm"́&7r:hwn[-v ̠SdЙ8dKGOLPwlI}5v+-|MYE:Ub048Q]?}ǤPά[j:OȠHRD)
ND 3ŏⲊHLʛ]$q˽FCkl6
ѣxeՕ@]7.ʆUyyXilX=vɊ"v3Ft*,om16XjSO_urh-)[,)j*:\
ڍRm"PC')~x:UBy4yxF
K{[
M2{lqM_o(E(@_`cG8nھ:}Eh\jٵNY^rj}}3ǟk^Vsή'}}ubǯv'v߾;q8MbB'y 4 ֪O$dbhEU4&6JSn+ej٪NLekvv~i`Ǘsw~}Y[թFJcwoԴpj(p6c%:k49F ~Vm'=Oh8x@DOEM6J]E$isI\f2A/#0AN9?]1}pI⽐ԇYQ2Nh4ʮpmT/<^.oNo_281RZj2J#U99L>U?nlzb_2uhfdiv5u&?>=H